This list of mythical creatures that begin with this letter and I am constantly gathering information from each continent, and is continually being updated.
Callitrix (Medieval Bestiary)
Callitrix is a species of ape described in some medieval bestiaries. It is said to always give birth to twins. Of these twins, it hates one, but loves the other. The ape is also described as lively and having a pleasant face. The satyrus was one of many creatures from folklore.
In translation, Linnaeus is quoted as saying that the satyrus is "hairy, bearded, with a manlike body, gesticulating much, very fallacious, is a species of monkey, if ever one has been seen."